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Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre holds an important and significant position in the Indian Freedom Movement of India and needs a definite mention while talking on Facts about India.
Name: Jallianwala Bagh Massacre is also referred to as the Amritsar Massacre in the Indian history and in the context of the Indian Freedom Movement.
Venue and Date:Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place at Amritsar in the year 1919 on April 13th.
Men Behind: British Indian Army under Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer fired at a spot where a huge gathering of unarmed men, women and children participated. Sir Michael O'Dwyer, the then British Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab also supported this wild act.
Rounds of Fire: 33 rounds per soldier, which amounted to 1650 rounds in all.
Casualties of the Massacre: British Raj announced 379 fatalities whereas some private source confirms the number of casualties to reach as high as 1000 deaths and over 2000 people injured and wounded
The Story of the Massacre:
Amritsar is one of the holiest places of the Sikh and the Golden Temple is the holiest place of worship and on the day of 13th April a holy festival of the Sikh, "Baisakhi", is celebrated with great vigor. With all importance merged together, on 13th April, 1919, was the day when thousands of people from various corner of the country has gathered to celebrate the festival. On this day, people had gathered not only to celebrate but also to raise voice against the injustice that was being poured on to the residents of the city of Amritsar by the British Government. Around sometime, General Dyer came into the Jallianwala Bagh and ordered his troop to fire for 10-15 minutes in the crowd without giving a word of warning.
Results:
The massacre well bore the seed of more non-co-operation among the Indians and aggravated the freedom movement. Dyer was removed from his designation of a Brigadier to Colonel on acceptance of the fact that he spear headed the heinous act of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre at the Hunter Commission Report held in the year 1920.
Monument:
In the year 1920, a trust was formed and was passed by the Indian National Congress to build a memorial which was erected and inaugurated in the year 1960 by Dr. Rajendra Prasad in the presence of Mr. Jawaharlal Nehru and other political leaders.